| A musical instrument is usually an item, with the help of which musicians perform or improvise music or any, including non-musical unorganized sounds.
Nowadays, existing common musical instruments are subdivided into several groups: fretted, bow stringed, brass wind, reed wind, wood-wind and percussion. Keyboard instruments can be put into a separate group, though, methods of sound production in them often varies. The standard scientific classification of musical instruments is the Hornbostel Sachs system.
Fretted musical instruments:
Balalaika, domra, oud, lyre, guitar, lute, bouzouki etc belong to fretted musical instruments.
Bow-stringed musical instruments:
Orchestra instruments such as violin, viola, violoncello, double bass and also viola da gamba (viol), viola d'amore, Sweden's traditional musical instrument the nyckelharpa and the Norwegian traditional violin Hardangerfele belong to the bow-stringed musical instruments category.
Brass wind instruments:
* Trumpet;
* Cornet;
* Trombone;
* French horn;
* Tuba;
* Helicon
Reed instruments:
* Jew’s-harp (guimbarde);
* Mouth organ;
* Accordion;
* Button accordion;
* Harmonica
Wood-wind instruments:
* Didgeridoo;
* Trembita;
* Pipe;
* Duduk;
* Flute;
* Pan flute;
* Clarinet;
* Bass clarinet;
* Oboe;
* Bassoon;
* Contra bassoon;
* Salt wart;
* Sheng;
* And the saxophone, which has joined them (in this case, the saxophone is metallic, with a wooden reed).
Percussion instruments:
A family of numerous musical instruments. Percussion instruments are subdivided into 3 principal types:
* With unspecified height of sound, among them are:
o Instruments with a membrane: Drums, tambourines, dafs, gauche nakers, goblet drum etc;
o Instruments with a self-sounding body: Triangles, plates and gongs, castanets, various little bells, shakers and maracas, wooden boxes, flexatone etc
* With specific sounding height, i.e., preset to notes. Includes bells, kettle drums, certain varieties of cow bells, wood blocks, gongs etc;
* Keyboard percussion instruments: xylophone, vibraphone, marimba, hand bells and other similar instruments, meant for performing separate notes and various melodies.
Keyboard wind instruments:
Organ, harmonium (button accordion, accordion and harmonica; nevertheless the keyboard of the last three instruments differs from each other. Keyboard percussion instruments are the celesta and harpsichord.
Stringed keyboard instruments:
Stringed keyboard instrument — the very popular piano, existing in horizontal (grand piano) and vertical (piano) variants and also the harpsichord, virginals, spinet and clavichord.
Electrical musical instruments:
The development of electronics in the beginning of the 20th century attracted the development of electrical musical instruments; the first of them (termenvox) was designed in 1917. Modern sound synthesizers simulate the sounds of all known musical instruments and also every possible sound (for example, the singing of birds, the peals of thunder, the sound of a passing train etc.).
More often, synthesizers are equipped with a piano type keyboard.
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