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| | Kerosene lantern, is the fixture on the basis of kerosene combustion - a product of distillation of oil. The principle of action of a kerosene lantern is as same as of an oil lamp: Kerosene is filled in capacity, the match is dropped in. Other end of a match is clamped by the lifting mechanism in a burner is designed so that the air is leaked from below. Unlike an oil lamp, kerosene lantern has a wattle match. Above the burner mounted is a lantern glass - for the purpose of maintenance and for protection of a flame against a wind is established.
The important improvements have been brought in the device of oil lanterns in the end of XVIII century by the Swiss inventor A.Argan. He had introduced a burner of new type with a round match and had suggested putting a vertical tube on it for forceful draught. In the beginning it was a metal was thought of metal, and then came up glass tube. French druggist Kenke had brought some improvements in a lamp by having placed the tank with oil at burner level, and had begun manufacture of the wall mountable and desktop oil lanterns which later had received his name “kenkets”.
In the forties of XIX century the English researchers who were engaged in dry distillation of coal and decomposition of oil, had received a liquid which was named kerosene. The further development of lighting devices is also connected with it. The oil lantern gave much more light, allowed to regulate better brightness of a flame and has quickly won popularity.
After wide introduction of electric illumination, oil lanterns were used basically in remote places where power shortages were common, and were used also by summer residents and tourists.
The first oil lantern had been described Ar-Razi in Baghdad in Sixth century. The modern oil lamp has been invented by druggists Ivan Lukasevich and Jan Zekh in 1853 in Lvov.
It appears, neither more nor less than the oil lantern, had promoted development of oil business. Razi asserted that the petroleum industry, oil extracting, petrol production, oil refineries - everything is obliged to the oil lamp invention. It had given thrust, it had pulled the pursuit of oil, this oldie, had evoked to life, had given birth to the present powerful industry of oil. Unlike oil lamps, kerosene lanterns were supplied by air guidance with channels gave strong even lighting, and from now they are the most wanted and therefore had begun the Baku petroleum fields, the American oil fever. There were no other consumers available, and cars had not appeared yet. Those were the 60's of XIX century. The oil lantern quickly and victoriously set in cities, villages, and houses of Europe.
Once it was the whole industry, a wide technical direction which had created an era of new illumination instead of the candle. The electricity had then come, there was an electric bulb and all this kerosene saving had became unnecessary, but for some time it still was held in emergency cases, and had then been thrown out and quickly forgotten. |
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