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| | Guitar is a lute type stringed musical instrument.
In Spain, guitar is popular since 13th century and spread across to European countries and America as in 17-18 century. Since 18th century, 6-stringed guitar became common and 7 stringed guitar gained importance predominantly in Russia. Amongst the varieties, the so called Hawaiian guitar; electric guitar is used in modern music.
Guitar consists of body with deep cutouts on each side and flat sounding boards, of which the top has large sound hole in the middle, necks with fingerboards, equipped with frets, and headstock with machine heads. Initially braided strings were used, later on metallic strings and now nylon strings are used. In 13th century, four double-stringed guitars were used with popularity in Spain. In 17th century, 5 double-stringed guitar with name “Spanish” spread across to Italy, European countries and also to America. In the middle of 18th century, guitar gained huge popularity in Europe. By this time, 6 single-stringed guitars replaced the conventional 5 double-stringed guitars and quarter-tertian form evolved. In Russia and partially in Poland, leading position was occupied by 7-stringed guitar of tertian type (so called Russian guitar). Guitars with plenty of strings (with additional bass) were also manufactured. Mainly, guitar is played for accompaniment to singing and also in chambered ensembles and for solo play. In many countries, guitar has become a folk instrument. N. Paganini and also several outstanding composers of 20th century composed songs for guitar.
Special types of guitars appeared in 20th century such as “Hawaiian Guitar”. Hawaiian guitar is played with special plectrum, holding the guitar flat in lap and pressing the strings to fingerboard using a metallic strip and orchestral or jazz-guitar with resonator grooves, as in the case of violin and also designed for sound production by plectrum. |
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